@article{3e03bf26a4fc4141bf15b3345538e443,
title = "Variation of ionospheric narrowband and wideband performance for a 12,760 km transequatorial link and its dependence on solar and ionospheric activity",
abstract = "The ionosphere provides a channel that is able to propagate electromagnetic waves for long-haul communications, allowing Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) radio communications in the high-frequency band (HF). Nonetheless, its performance as a communications channel mainly depends on solar activity, as Earth's diurnal and seasonal cycles modify the ionospheric ionization by the sun and consequently the channel performance. La Salle and the Observatori de l'Ebre have conducted oblique soundings of a 12,760 km ionospheric channel from Livingston Island (South Shetland Archipelago-Antarctica -62.7°S, 299.6°E) to Cambrils (Spain -41.0°N, 1.0°E) to evaluate this evidence and analyze the characteristics of this particular channel. The final goal of the project is to establish a stable communications link to be used as a backup for low throughput data transmission from the various geomagnetic and meteorological sensors located in the Spanish Antarctic Station. The aim of this paper is to confirm the relationship between the channel availability of narrowband and wideband communications and the resulting channel parameters with the solar and ionospheric activity for four consecutive sounding campaigns.",
keywords = "Channel availability, HF, Ionospheric irregularities, Ionospheric propagation, Long-haul, SSN, Sounding, Wideband communication",
author = "Alsina-Pag{\`e}s, {Rosa Ma} and David Altadill and Marcos Herv{\'a}s and Estefania Blanch and Antoni Segarra and Sans, {Xavier Gonzalez}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work has been funded by the Spanish Government under the projects CTM2009-13843-C02 and CTM2010-21312-C03. The authors would like to thank Pijoan and Regu{\'e}, the Principal Investigators of these projects. D.A. and E.B. contributed with research partly funded by project PGC2018-096774-B-I00 (MCIU, AEI, FEDER). The research that led to this contribution has been conducted thanks to funding from Secretaria d{\textquoteright}Universitats i Recerca from the Departament d{\textquoteright}Empresa i Coneixement (Generalitat de Catalunya) and Universitat Ramon Llull, under the grants 2020-URL-Proj-003 (David Altadill) and 2020-URL-Proj-054 (Rosa Ma Alsina-Pag{\`e}s). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}",
year = "2020",
month = sep,
doi = "10.3390/RS12172750",
language = "English",
volume = "12",
journal = "Remote Sensing",
issn = "2072-4292",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "17",
}