TY - JOUR
T1 - Occurrence of perfluorinated compounds in water, sediment and mussels from the Cantabrian Sea (North Spain)
AU - Gómez, Cristian
AU - Vicente, Joana
AU - Echavarri-Erasun, Beatriz
AU - Porte, Cinta
AU - Lacorte, Silvia
N1 - Funding Information:
This study has been financed by the Ministry of the Environment of Spain, with the project Vertitox [018/RN08/02.1]. Juan Sánchez and María Fernández-Sanjuan are acknowledged for aiding in the sampling and in the method set up. Dr. R. Chaler, D. Fanjul and M. Comesaña are acknowledged for MS support.
PY - 2011/5
Y1 - 2011/5
N2 - Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have emerged as significant global environmental pollutants with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of PFCs in water (wastewater, submarine emissaries and port-waters), sediment and transplanted mussels in estuarine areas of high urban and industrial impact from Northern Spain. Five PFCs of industrial use were studied: perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, perfluorobutanesulfonate, perfluorooctanoate acid and perfluorononanoate acid. After selective extraction, samples were analyzed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. ΣPFCs ranged from 0.06 to 10.9. ng/L in water, with higher levels in wastewater treatment plants effluents and port waters than in submarine emissaries. Little accumulation was observed in sediments and mussels with ΣPFCs ranging from 0.01-0.13. ng/g dw and 0.01-0.06. ng/g ww, respectively. Most ubiquitous compounds were PFOS and PFOA. Mass fluxes of PFCs to the Cantabrian Sea are estimated and the impact to the coastal ecosystem is discussed.
AB - Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have emerged as significant global environmental pollutants with persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of PFCs in water (wastewater, submarine emissaries and port-waters), sediment and transplanted mussels in estuarine areas of high urban and industrial impact from Northern Spain. Five PFCs of industrial use were studied: perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, perfluorobutanesulfonate, perfluorooctanoate acid and perfluorononanoate acid. After selective extraction, samples were analyzed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. ΣPFCs ranged from 0.06 to 10.9. ng/L in water, with higher levels in wastewater treatment plants effluents and port waters than in submarine emissaries. Little accumulation was observed in sediments and mussels with ΣPFCs ranging from 0.01-0.13. ng/g dw and 0.01-0.06. ng/g ww, respectively. Most ubiquitous compounds were PFOS and PFOA. Mass fluxes of PFCs to the Cantabrian Sea are estimated and the impact to the coastal ecosystem is discussed.
KW - LC-MS
KW - Mussels
KW - Perfluorinated compounds
KW - Sediment
KW - Water
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955603436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.02.049
DO - 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.02.049
M3 - Article
C2 - 21421248
AN - SCOPUS:79955603436
SN - 0025-326X
VL - 62
SP - 948
EP - 955
JO - Marine Pollution Bulletin
JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin
IS - 5
ER -