Nurses’ preferences regarding MenACWY conjugate vaccines attributes: a discrete choice experiment in Spain

Objectives: Immunisation against preventable diseases as meningitis is crucial from a public health perspective to face challenges posed by these infections. Nurses hold a great responsibility for these programs, which highlights the importance of understanding their preferences and needs to improve the success of campaigns. This study aimed to investigate nurses' preferences regarding Meningococcus A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) conjugate vaccines commercialised in Spain. Study design: A national-level discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted. Methods: A literature review and a focus group informed the DCE design. Six attributes were included: pharmaceutical form, coadministration evidence, shelf-life, package contents, single-doses per package, and package volume. Conditional logit models quantified preferences and relative importance (RI). Results: Thirty experienced primary care nurses participated in this study. Evidence of coadministration with other vaccines was the most important attribute (RI = 43.78%), followed by package size (RI = 22.17%), pharmaceutical form (RI = 19.07%), and package content (RI = 11.80%). There was a preference for evidence of coadministration with routine vaccines (odds ratio [OR] = 2.579, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 2.210–3.002), smaller volumes (OR = 1.494, 95%CI = 1.264–1.767), liquid formulations (OR = 1.283, 95%CI = 1.108–1.486) and package contents including only vial/s (OR = 1.283, 95%CI = 1.108–1.486). No statistical evidence was found for the remaining attributes. Conclusions: Evidence of coadministration with routine vaccines, easy-to-store packages, and fully liquid formulations were drivers of nurses’ preferences regarding MenACWY conjugate vaccines. These findings provide valuable insights for decision-makers to optimize current campaigns.