Desafíos del ecosistema educativo español: hallazgos y propuestas a partir de un estudio comparativo internacional

The article addresses the state of the Spanish education system, compared to other countries, from an ecosystemic perspective. This interdisciplinary approach integrates school, family and community environments, and seeks to overcome the fragmentation of educational systems, involving diverse actors and contexts in the learning process. The method used is the analysis of secondary data from the study led by Economist Impact, which covers 20 countries, including Spain, and uses 112 indicators distributed across five pillars: youth outcomes, home learning environment, formal learning environment, community learning environment and governance. The results indicate a good performance of Spain in home, school and community learning environments, but challenges persist in areas such as family involvement, early childhood policies, mental health services in schools and bureaucratic barriers. The article concludes that, although Spain has suffi resources and infrastructure, there are deficiencies in the articulation and collaboration between the diff sectors and educational stakeholders. To improve the educational ecosystem in a comprehensive way, it is proposed to strengthen leadership and governance to promote greater interrelation between schools, families, communities and sectors.