Ventilación no invasia

M. Pons Ódena*, F. J. Cambra Lasaosa

*Autor corresponent d’aquest treball

Producció científica: Article en revista indexadaArticleAvaluat per experts

13 Cites (Scopus)

Resum

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV), i.e. without tracheal intubation, has been reintroduced for the treatment of respiratory failure to reduce the complications of mechanical ventilation. Nowadays, NIV with positive pressure is the preferred method, applied through a mask held in place by a harness. Several masks can be used (nasal, bucconasal, facial) and a variety of means can be used to keep them in place. Many respirators can be selected, ranging from those traditionally used in the intensive care unit (ICU) to specific NIV respirators and conventional ICU respirators with specific software for NIV. Many respiratory modalities can be used according to the respirator (biphasic positive airway pressure [BIPAP], proportional assist ventilation, pressure support, synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation [SIMV], etc.). NIV is mainly indicated in exacerbations of chronic respiratory failure: neuromuscular diseases, pretransplantation cystic fibrosis, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. It is also indicated in acute respiratory failure: pneumonia, status asthmaticus, and acute lung edema. The main contraindications are a weakened airway protection reflex (absent cough reflex) and hemodynamic instability. The advantages of NIV derive mainly from avoiding the complications associated with invasive ventilation. NIV also presents some disadvantages, especially the greater workload involved to ensure good patient adaptation to the respirator. The most common sequelae of NIV are skin lesions due to pressure on the nasal bridge.

Títol traduït de la contribucióNoninvasive ventilation
Idioma originalCastellà
Pàgines (de-a)165-172
Nombre de pàgines8
RevistaAnales de pediatría
Volum59
Número2
DOIs
Estat de la publicacióPublicada - 1 d’ag. 2003
Publicat externament

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