TY - JOUR
T1 - Total and subtypes of dietary fat intake and its association with components of the metabolic syndrome in a mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk
AU - Julibert, Alicia
AU - Bibiloni, Maria Del Mar
AU - Bouzas, Cristina
AU - Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
AU - Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
AU - Corella, Dolores
AU - Zomeño, Maria Dolors
AU - Romaguera, Dora
AU - Vioque, Jesús
AU - Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M.
AU - Wärnberg, Julia
AU - Martínez, J. Alfredo
AU - Serra-Majem, Luís
AU - Estruch, Ramon
AU - Tinahones, Francisco J.
AU - Lapetra, José
AU - Pintó, Xavier
AU - Lopez-Miranda, José
AU - García-Molina, Laura
AU - Gaforio, José Juan
AU - Matía-Martín, Pilar
AU - Daimiel, Lidia
AU - Martín-Sánchez, Vicente
AU - Vidal, Josep
AU - Vázquez, Clotilde
AU - Ros, Emili
AU - Toledo, Estefanía
AU - Becerra-Tomás, Nerea
AU - Pórtoles, Olga
AU - Pérez-Vega, Karla A.
AU - Fiol, Miquel
AU - Torres-Collado, Laura
AU - Tojal-Sierra, Lucas
AU - Carabaño-Moral, Rosa
AU - Abete, Itziar
AU - Sanchez-Villegas, Almudena
AU - Casas, Rosa
AU - Bernal-López, María Rosa
AU - Santos-Lozano, José Manuel
AU - Galera, Ana
AU - Ugarriza, Lucía
AU - Ruiz-Canela, Miguel
AU - Babio, Nancy
AU - Coltell, Oscar
AU - Schröder, Helmut
AU - Konieczna, Jadwiga
AU - Orozco-Beltrán, Domingo
AU - Sorto-Sánchez, Carolina
AU - Eguaras, Sonia
AU - Barrubés, Laura
AU - Fitó, Montserrat
AU - Tur, Josep A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: The PREDIMED-Plus trial was supported by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, ISCIII through the Fondo de Investigación para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (four coordinated FIS projects led by Jordi Salas-Salvadó and Josep Vidal, including the following projects: PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI16/00533, PI16/00381, PI16/00366, PI16/01522, PI16/01120, PI17/00764, PI17/01183, PI17/00855, PI17/01347, PI17/00525, PI17/01827, PI17/00532, PI17/00215, PI17/01441, PI17/00508, PI17/01732, PI17/00926), the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementación y evaluación de una intervención intensive sobre la actividad física Cohorte PREDIMED-PLUS grant to Jordi Salas-Salvadó, the European Research Council (Advanced Research Grant 2013-2018; 340918) grant to Miguel Á ngel Martínez-Gonzalez, the Recercaixa grant to Jordi Salas-Salvadó (2013ACUP00194), grants from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (PI0458/2013; PS0358/2016; PI0137/2018), the PROMETEO/2017/017 grant from the Generalitat Valenciana, the SEMERGEN grant, and CIBEROBN and FEDER funds (CB06/03), ISCIII. International Nut & Dried Fruit Council – FESNAD No. 201302: Miguel Á ngel Martínez-Gonzalez (PI). Alicia Julibert, Maria del Mar Bibiloni, Cristina Bouzas, Lucía Ugarriza and Josep A. Tur are granted by Grant of support to research groups no. 35/2011 (Balearic Islands Gov.; FEDER funds), EU-COST ACTION CA16112, and Fundació La Marató TV3 (Spain) project ref. 201630.10. None of the funding sources took part in the design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, or in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The corresponding authors had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility to submit for publication.
Funding Information:
The authors especially thank the PREDIMED-Plus participants for their enthusiastic collaboration, the PREDIMED-Plus personnel for their outstanding support, and the personnel of all associated primary care centers for their exceptional effort. Centros de Investigaci?n Biom?dica en Red: Obesidad y Nutrici?n (CIBEROBN), Centros de Investigaci?n Biom?dica en Red: Epidemiolog?a y Salud P?blica (CIBERESP) and Centros de Investigaci?n Biom?dica en Red: Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab?licas asociadas (CIBERDEM) are initiatives of Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. Food companies, Hojiblanca and Patrimonio Comunal Olivarero, donated extra-virgin olive oil and Almond Board of California, American Pistachio Growers and Paramount Farms donated nuts for the pilot study. We thank the PREDIMED-Plus Biobank Network as a part of the National Biobank Platform of the ISCIII for storing and managing the PREDIMED-Plus biological samples.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55–75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: Trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): Hyperglycemia: 1.3–1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.
AB - Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55–75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: Trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): Hyperglycemia: 1.3–1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.
KW - Cardiovascular disease risk
KW - Dietary fat
KW - Fat intake
KW - Fatty acids
KW - Mediterranean diet
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85069267692&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu11071493
DO - 10.3390/nu11071493
M3 - Article
C2 - 31261967
AN - SCOPUS:85069267692
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 11
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 7
M1 - 1493
ER -