TY - JOUR
T1 - Plant proximity perception dynamically modulates hormone levels and sensitivity in Arabidopsis
AU - Bou-Torrent, Jordi
AU - Galstyan, Anahit
AU - Gallemí, Marçal
AU - Cifuentes-Esquivel, Nicolás
AU - Molina-Contreras, Maria José
AU - Salla-Martret, Mercè
AU - Jikumaru, Yusuke
AU - Yamaguchi, Shinjiro
AU - Kamiya, Yuji
AU - Martínez-García, Jaime F.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the greenhouse services and Montse Amenós for experimental support; and Thilia Ferrier (CRAG, Barcelona, Spain), José Luis García-Martínez (IBMCP, Valencia, Spain), María Lois (CRAG, Barcelona, Spain), and Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción (CRAG, Barcelona, Spain) for comments on the manuscript. Fellowships or contracts came from CSIC (JB-T, MS-M), Ministerio de Educación (AG), Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (MG), and Gobierno de Chile (NC-E). Research in the laboratory is supported by grants from the Generalitat de Catalunya (Xarba, 2009-SGR697) and MINECO - FEDER funds (CSD2007-00036, BIO2008-00169, and BIO2011-23489).
PY - 2014/6
Y1 - 2014/6
N2 - The shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) refers to a set of plant responses initiated after perception by the phytochromes of light enriched in far-red colour reflected from or filtered by neighbouring plants. These varied responses are aimed at anticipating eventual shading from potential competitor vegetation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the most obvious SAS response at the seedling stage is the increase in hypocotyl elongation. Here, we describe how plant proximity perception rapidly and temporally alters the levels of not only auxins but also active brassinosteroids and gibberellins. At the same time, shade alters the seedling sensitivity to hormones. Plant proximity perception also involves dramatic changes in gene expression that rapidly result in a new balance between positive and negative factors in a network of interacting basic helix-loop-helix proteins, such as HFR1, PAR1, and BIM and BEE factors. Here, it was shown that several of these factors act as auxin-and BR-responsiveness modulators, which ultimately control the intensity or degree of hypocotyl elongation. It was deduced that, as a consequence of the plant proximity-dependent new, dynamic, and local balance between hormone synthesis and sensitivity (mechanistically resulting from a restructured network of SAS regulators), SAS responses are unleashed and hypocotyls elongate.
AB - The shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) refers to a set of plant responses initiated after perception by the phytochromes of light enriched in far-red colour reflected from or filtered by neighbouring plants. These varied responses are aimed at anticipating eventual shading from potential competitor vegetation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the most obvious SAS response at the seedling stage is the increase in hypocotyl elongation. Here, we describe how plant proximity perception rapidly and temporally alters the levels of not only auxins but also active brassinosteroids and gibberellins. At the same time, shade alters the seedling sensitivity to hormones. Plant proximity perception also involves dramatic changes in gene expression that rapidly result in a new balance between positive and negative factors in a network of interacting basic helix-loop-helix proteins, such as HFR1, PAR1, and BIM and BEE factors. Here, it was shown that several of these factors act as auxin-and BR-responsiveness modulators, which ultimately control the intensity or degree of hypocotyl elongation. It was deduced that, as a consequence of the plant proximity-dependent new, dynamic, and local balance between hormone synthesis and sensitivity (mechanistically resulting from a restructured network of SAS regulators), SAS responses are unleashed and hypocotyls elongate.
KW - Arabidopsis
KW - auxins
KW - brassinosteroids
KW - gibberellins
KW - hypocotyl elongation
KW - plant proximity
KW - shade avoidance
KW - Syndrome
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U2 - 10.1093/jxb/eru083
DO - 10.1093/jxb/eru083
M3 - Article
C2 - 24609653
AN - SCOPUS:84902449669
SN - 0022-0957
VL - 65
SP - 2937
EP - 2947
JO - Journal of Experimental Botany
JF - Journal of Experimental Botany
IS - 11
ER -