TY - JOUR
T1 - Persistent organic pollutants (PCDD/Fs, dioxin-like PCBs, marker PCBs, and PBDEs) in health supplements on the Spanish market
AU - Martí, M.
AU - Ortiz, X.
AU - Gasser, M.
AU - Martí, R.
AU - Montaña, M. J.
AU - Díaz-Ferrero, J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Project AGL2006-12235/ALI)
PY - 2010/3
Y1 - 2010/3
N2 - During the last years, consumption of health supplements has increased in our society. They are recommended as an additional source of minerals, vitamins, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, in the diet. A lot of these supplements contain oils among their components (fish oils or vegetable oils), especially those recommended for their omega-3 content. Due to their persistence and lipophilic characteristics, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), marker PCBs, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) bioaccumulate in fat tissues, especially in those animals, as fish, which show low metabolic capability. Therefore, the consumption of nutritional supplements with oil components can increase the intake of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through the diet. The aim of this study was to analyse 15 of these supplements commercialized in Spain to determinate their POPs concentrations and their intake for their consumers. Concentrations of POPs in the dietary supplements studied (PCDD/Fs: 0.04-2.4 pg TEQ g-1; dl-PCBs: 0.01-12.1 pg TEQ g-1; marker PCBs: 0.17-116 ng g-1; and PBDEs: 0.07-18.2 ng g-1) were in the low-medium range of those reported in literature for other countries. Vegetable oil and mineral-based supplements showed concentrations of POPs clearly lower than those based on fish oil. Among these, those based on cod liver oil presented the highest concentrations detected in the study, exceeding the maximum levels established in European regulations for marine oils for human consumption. In general, the intake of POPs via the consumption of these supplements would be lower than the intake derived from fish consumption.
AB - During the last years, consumption of health supplements has increased in our society. They are recommended as an additional source of minerals, vitamins, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, in the diet. A lot of these supplements contain oils among their components (fish oils or vegetable oils), especially those recommended for their omega-3 content. Due to their persistence and lipophilic characteristics, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), marker PCBs, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) bioaccumulate in fat tissues, especially in those animals, as fish, which show low metabolic capability. Therefore, the consumption of nutritional supplements with oil components can increase the intake of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) through the diet. The aim of this study was to analyse 15 of these supplements commercialized in Spain to determinate their POPs concentrations and their intake for their consumers. Concentrations of POPs in the dietary supplements studied (PCDD/Fs: 0.04-2.4 pg TEQ g-1; dl-PCBs: 0.01-12.1 pg TEQ g-1; marker PCBs: 0.17-116 ng g-1; and PBDEs: 0.07-18.2 ng g-1) were in the low-medium range of those reported in literature for other countries. Vegetable oil and mineral-based supplements showed concentrations of POPs clearly lower than those based on fish oil. Among these, those based on cod liver oil presented the highest concentrations detected in the study, exceeding the maximum levels established in European regulations for marine oils for human consumption. In general, the intake of POPs via the consumption of these supplements would be lower than the intake derived from fish consumption.
KW - Fish oil
KW - PBDEs
KW - PCBs
KW - PCDD/Fs
KW - Vegetable oils
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=76349125782&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=pure_univeritat_ramon_llull&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000275772600011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.038
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.12.038
M3 - Article
C2 - 20092867
AN - SCOPUS:76349125782
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 78
SP - 1256
EP - 1262
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
IS - 10
ER -