Measuring Attitudes toward Open Adoption: Spanish Validation of the Open Adoption Scale

Background: Open adoption is a kind of adoption in which some degree of communication is formalized between the biological family and the adopted child or adoptive family. The present study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Open Adoption Scale, an instrument that assesses various negative attitudes toward open adoption. Method: The study involved 440 participants of both sexes who completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Open Adoption Scale. An exploratory factor analysis was performed with half of the sample and a confirmatory factor analysis with the other half. Results: High internal consistency indices were observed. Furthermore, an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis supported construct validity. Finally, the strong relationships observed between the scale and four myths about the absence of benefits of open adoption supported convergent validity. Conclusions: The results support using the Spanish version to assess attitudes toward open adoption. Assessing attitudes toward open adoption is essential to implementing it, selecting candidates, and evaluating training processes for technicians and families.Antecedentes: La adopci & oacute;n abierta es una forma de adopci & oacute;n en la que se formaliza alg & uacute;n grado de comunicaci & oacute;n entre la familia biol & oacute;gica y el ni & ntilde;o o ni & ntilde;a adoptado o la familia adoptante. El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicom & eacute;tricas de la adaptaci & oacute;n espa & ntilde;ola de la Open Adoption Scale, un instrumento que eval & uacute;a diversas actitudes negativas hacia la adopci & oacute;n abierta. M & eacute;todo: En el estudio participaron 440 participantes de ambos sexos, que cumplimentaron un cuestionario sociodemogr & aacute;fico y la Open Adoption Scale. Se llev & oacute; a cabo un an & aacute;lisis factorial exploratorio con la mitad de la muestra y un an & aacute;lisis factorial confirmatorio con la otra mitad. Resultados: Se observaron unos & iacute;ndices de consistencia interna elevados. Asimismo, un an & aacute;lisis factorial exploratorio y un an & aacute;lisis factorial confirmatorio avalaron la validez de constructo. Finalmente, las fuertes relaciones observadas entre la escala y cuatro mitos sobre la ausencia de beneficios en la adopci & oacute;n abierta avalaron la validez convergente. Conclusiones: Los resultados avalan el uso de la versi & oacute;n espa & ntilde;ola para evaluar las actitudes hacia la adopci & oacute;n abierta. La evaluaci & oacute;n de las actitudes hacia la adopci & oacute;n abierta resulta esencial para su implementaci & oacute;n, la selecci & oacute;n de los candidatos y la evaluaci & oacute;n de los procesos de formaci & oacute;n de los t & eacute;cnicos y las familias.