Is Chappell and Di Martino's interactive model of workplace violence valid? An article analysing workplace violence towards healthcare professionals in Spain

Workplace violence is a phenomenon affecting healthcare professionals. One of its explanatory models is Chappell and Di Martino's interactive model (2006). These authors assert that workplace violence occurs due to the interaction of multiple risk factors and according to these scholars the greater the knowledge of the phenomenon, the greater the likelihood that it can be prevented and, therefore, its incidence diminished. The aim of this article is to analyse the studies on aggression towards healthcare professionals in Spain based on this interactive model and to corroborate whether this model helps explain the phenomenon of workplace violence in Spanish healthcare professionals. For the purpose of this study, 28 studies on workplace violence affecting healthcare professionals were analysed. The obtained results we later compared to Chappel and Di Martino interactive model. The results are not conclusive: they reveal the need to keep studying the phenomenon and to analyse variables related to the model more precisely.