Integrating decision support systems: Expert, group, and collective intelligence

Organizations today face a changing environment, where external conditions change rapidly, organizational structures are more flat and dispersed, and where the traditional roles of experts have been 'squeezed' or of decreased importance. These converging factors have importance for organizations' ability to remain competitive. These evolving trends present challenges and opportunities for organizations in which information technology will play a vital role in supporting and facilitating decision-making. The paper aims to understand how integration of expert systems, group decision support systems, and collective intelligence tools can enhance decision-making.