TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of four novel bio-based DES (Deep Eutectic Solvents) on hardwood fractionation
AU - Torres, Paulo
AU - Balcells, Mercè
AU - Cequier, Enrique
AU - Canela-Garayoa, Ramon
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work has been partially funded by the Spanish government (CTQ2015-70982-C3-1-R (MINECO/FEDER).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020/5
Y1 - 2020/5
N2 - Using the basic principle of construction between a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), four bio-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared in a 1:2 molar ratio of HBA:HBD. 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl-1-triethylammonium chloride ([C9H22N+O2]Cl-) was synthesized from raw glycerol and used as an HBA. Lactic acid, urea, pure glycerol, and ethylene glycol were selected as HBD. Attempts to prepare DESs, using citric acid and benzoic acid as HBDs, were unsuccessful. All these DESs were characterized using FTIR and NMR techniques. Besides, physicochemical parameters such as pH, viscosity, density, and melting point were determined. The behavior of these DES to fractionate olive pomace was studied. Lignin recovery yields spanned between 27% and 39% (w/w) of the available lignin in olive pomace. The best DES, in terms of lignin yield ([C9H22N+O2]Cl- -lactic acid), was selected to perform a scale-up lignin extraction using 40 g of olive pomace. Lignin recovery on the multigram scale was similar to the mg scale (38% w/w). Similarly, for the holocellulose-rich fractions, recovery yields were 34% and 45% for mg and multi-gram scale, respectively. Finally, this DES was used to fractionate four fruit pruning samples. These results show that our novel DESs are alternative approaches to the ionic liquid:triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate and the widely used DES: choline chloride:lactic acid (1:10 molar ratio) for biomass processing.
AB - Using the basic principle of construction between a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), four bio-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared in a 1:2 molar ratio of HBA:HBD. 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl-1-triethylammonium chloride ([C9H22N+O2]Cl-) was synthesized from raw glycerol and used as an HBA. Lactic acid, urea, pure glycerol, and ethylene glycol were selected as HBD. Attempts to prepare DESs, using citric acid and benzoic acid as HBDs, were unsuccessful. All these DESs were characterized using FTIR and NMR techniques. Besides, physicochemical parameters such as pH, viscosity, density, and melting point were determined. The behavior of these DES to fractionate olive pomace was studied. Lignin recovery yields spanned between 27% and 39% (w/w) of the available lignin in olive pomace. The best DES, in terms of lignin yield ([C9H22N+O2]Cl- -lactic acid), was selected to perform a scale-up lignin extraction using 40 g of olive pomace. Lignin recovery on the multigram scale was similar to the mg scale (38% w/w). Similarly, for the holocellulose-rich fractions, recovery yields were 34% and 45% for mg and multi-gram scale, respectively. Finally, this DES was used to fractionate four fruit pruning samples. These results show that our novel DESs are alternative approaches to the ionic liquid:triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate and the widely used DES: choline chloride:lactic acid (1:10 molar ratio) for biomass processing.
KW - Choline chloride (ChCl)
KW - Deep eutectic solvent (DES)
KW - Extraction processes
KW - Holocellulose
KW - Hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA)
KW - Hydrogen-bond donor (HBD)
KW - Ionic liquid (IL)
KW - Lignin
KW - Lignocellulosic materials
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084381567&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/molecules25092157
DO - 10.3390/molecules25092157
M3 - Article
C2 - 32380686
AN - SCOPUS:85084381567
SN - 1420-3049
VL - 25
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
IS - 9
M1 - 2157
ER -