TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of a nutritional intervention based on an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet on environmental impact
AU - Álvarez-Álvarez, Laura
AU - Rubín-García, María
AU - Vitelli-Storelli, Facundo
AU - García, Silvia
AU - Bouzas, Cristina
AU - Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
AU - Corella, Dolores
AU - Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
AU - Malcampo, Mireia
AU - Martínez, J. Alfredo
AU - Alonso-Gómez, Ángel M.
AU - Wärnberg, Julia
AU - Vioque, Jesús
AU - Romaguera, Dora
AU - López-Miranda, José
AU - Estruch, Ramon
AU - Tinahones, Francisco J.
AU - Lapetra, José
AU - Serra-Majem, Lluís
AU - Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora
AU - García Fernández, Camino
AU - Pintó, Xavier
AU - Delgado-Rodríguez, Miguel
AU - Matía-Martín, Pilar
AU - Vidal, Josep
AU - Vázquez, Clotilde
AU - Daimiel, Lidia
AU - Ros, Emilio
AU - García-Arellano, Ana
AU - Martínez, María Ángeles
AU - Sorlí, José V.
AU - Zomeño, María Dolores
AU - García-Rios, Antonio
AU - González-Palacios, Sandra
AU - Monserrat-Mesquida, Margalida
AU - Abete, Itziar
AU - Colom Fernández, Antoni
AU - Casas, Rosa
AU - Cano Ibáñez, Naomi
AU - Ugarriza, Lucía
AU - Bernal-López, M. Rosa
AU - Bes-Rastrollo, Maira
AU - Paz-Graniel, Indira
AU - Asensio, Eva M.
AU - Fitó, Montse
AU - Arenas Larriva, Antonio P.
AU - Oncina-Cánovas, Alejandro
AU - Vázquez, Zenaida
AU - Fernández de la Puente, María
AU - Pérez-Vega, Alejandra
AU - Tur, Josep A.
AU - Martín-Sánchez, Vicente
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
PY - 2024/6/10
Y1 - 2024/6/10
N2 - Objective: To estimate the environmental impact of a dietary intervention based on an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) after one year of follow-up. Methods: Baseline and 1-year follow-up data were used for 5800 participants aged 55–75 years with metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus study. Food intake was estimated through a validated semiquantitative food consumption frequency questionnaire, and adherence to the MedDiet was estimated through the Diet Score. Using the EAT-Lancet Commission tables we assessed the influence of dietary intake on environmental impact (through five indicators: greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), land use, energy used, acidification and potential eutrophication). Using multivariable linear regression models, the association between the intervention and changes in each of the environmental factors was assessed. Mediation analyses were carried out to estimate to what extent changes in each of 2 components of the intervention, namely adherence to the MedDiet and caloric reduction, were responsible for the observed reductions in environmental impact. Results: We observed a significant reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group in acidification levels (−13.3 vs. -9.9 g SO2-eq), eutrophication (−5.4 vs. -4.0 g PO4-eq) and land use (−2.7 vs. -1.8 m2). Adherence to the MedDiet partially mediated the association between intervention and reduction of acidification by 15 %, eutrophication by 10 % and land use by 10 %. Caloric reduction partially mediated the association with the same factors by 55 %, 51 % and 38 % respectively. In addition, adherence to the MedDiet fully mediated the association between intervention and reduction in GHG emissions by 56 % and energy use by 53 %. Conclusions: A nutritional intervention based on consumption of an energy-reduced MedDiet for one year was associated with an improvement in different environmental quality parameters.
AB - Objective: To estimate the environmental impact of a dietary intervention based on an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) after one year of follow-up. Methods: Baseline and 1-year follow-up data were used for 5800 participants aged 55–75 years with metabolic syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus study. Food intake was estimated through a validated semiquantitative food consumption frequency questionnaire, and adherence to the MedDiet was estimated through the Diet Score. Using the EAT-Lancet Commission tables we assessed the influence of dietary intake on environmental impact (through five indicators: greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), land use, energy used, acidification and potential eutrophication). Using multivariable linear regression models, the association between the intervention and changes in each of the environmental factors was assessed. Mediation analyses were carried out to estimate to what extent changes in each of 2 components of the intervention, namely adherence to the MedDiet and caloric reduction, were responsible for the observed reductions in environmental impact. Results: We observed a significant reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group in acidification levels (−13.3 vs. -9.9 g SO2-eq), eutrophication (−5.4 vs. -4.0 g PO4-eq) and land use (−2.7 vs. -1.8 m2). Adherence to the MedDiet partially mediated the association between intervention and reduction of acidification by 15 %, eutrophication by 10 % and land use by 10 %. Caloric reduction partially mediated the association with the same factors by 55 %, 51 % and 38 % respectively. In addition, adherence to the MedDiet fully mediated the association between intervention and reduction in GHG emissions by 56 % and energy use by 53 %. Conclusions: A nutritional intervention based on consumption of an energy-reduced MedDiet for one year was associated with an improvement in different environmental quality parameters.
KW - Climate change
KW - Healthy dietary pattern
KW - Sustainable food
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85190823471&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172610
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172610
M3 - Article
C2 - 38642762
AN - SCOPUS:85190823471
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 928
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 172610
ER -