A business model for creative freedom: Insights from the case of Ferran Adrià

How do entrepreneurs establish and sustain successful business models that help them realize their passion? This article advances understanding of business model dynamics in talent-based, creativity-driven ventures, triggered by a quest for creative freedom. It traces how critical elements of a renowned Spanish chef's business model are conceived and change in nature and organization over a twenty-five-year period, from 1983 until present. Our study reveals four stages: (1) discovering a passion and learning the profession; (2) achieving a distinctive competence and reputation; (3) earning revenues by leveraging competence and reputation, and (4) reaching out to other fields and society.